What is the cause of hemoptysis with fever?

summary

Although all kinds of examination methods have been applied to hemoptysis patients, the cause of hemoptysis in 5% - 15% patients is still unknown, which is called occult hemoptysis. Some occult hemoptysis may be caused by nonspecific ulcer of trachea and bronchus, varicose veins, early adenoma, bronchial calculus and slight bronchiectasis.

What is the cause of hemoptysis with fever?

The common bronchial diseases are bronchiectasis (tuberculous or non tuberculous), chronic bronchitis, endobronchial tuberculosis, bronchial cancer (primary lung cancer), etc. Benign bronchoma, endobronchial stone and nonspecific ulcer are rare. Other blood diseases (such as thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia, hemophilia, etc.); Acute infectious diseases (such as pulmonary hemorrhagic leptospirosis, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, etc.); Connective tissue diseases (such as polyarteritis nodosa); Endometriosis, etc.

The common pulmonary diseases are tuberculosis, pneumonia, lung abscess, etc., while the rare ones are pulmonary blood stasis, pulmonary infarction, malignant tumor metastasis, pulmonary cyst, pulmonary fungal disease, paragonimiasis, etc. Tuberculosis is one of the most common causes of hemoptysis. Hemoptysis caused by mitral stenosis is a common cardiovascular disease. Hemoptysis can also occur when pulmonary hypertension is caused by some congenital heart diseases such as atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus.

The color of hemoptysis has supplementary significance for clinical diagnosis, and the pink foam like sputum indicates acute left heart failure (also known as pulmonary edema). Bronchiectasis hemoptysis was bright red; Typical lobar pneumonia hemoptysis is rust color; In the case of pulmonary embolism, the thick red blood phlegm sputum is found: while the mitral stenosis with pulmonary congestion is not bright red, but the color of the dark red hemoptysis is of auxiliary significance for the diagnosis of clinical diseases, and the pink foam like sputum indicates acute left heart failure (also known as pulmonary edema). Bronchiectasis hemoptysis was bright red; Typical lobar pneumonia hemoptysis is rust color; When pulmonary embolism cough thick dark red blood sputum: and mitral stenosis with pulmonary congestion hemoptysis is not bright red, and generally dark red.

matters needing attention

Blood pressure, pulse and respiration should be measured regularly in patients with moderate hemoptysis. Encourage the patient to cough slightly and let the blood flow out to avoid staying in the respiratory tract. In order to prevent the patient from defecating hard and aggravating hemoptysis, it is necessary to keep the stool unobstructed. The patients with massive hemoptysis and shock should pay attention to heat preservation. For patients with high fever, ice bags can be placed in the chest or head, which is conducive to cooling and hemostasis. Attention should be paid to the early signs of asphyxia and the preparation of emergency room breathing. In case of massive hemoptysis and asphyxia, the body position drainage should be carried out immediately, and the hemoptysis should be poured out as far as possible, or the hemoptysis in the larynx or trachea should be sucked out with a suction device.