Symptoms of mediastinal lymphoma

summary

Hodgkin's disease, also known as lymphoreticular cell sarcoma, is a kind of chronic progressive and painless lymphoid tissue tumor. Its primary tumor is mainly distributed in a centrifugal manner, originating from one or a group of lymph nodes. It is more common in cervical lymph nodes, gradually spreading to adjacent lymph nodes, and then invading spleen, liver, bone marrow, lung and other tissues. Due to the different location of the disease, its clinical manifestations are various. Before the age of 5, there was little morbidity, and after 5 years of age, the incidence rate increased significantly, and the incidence of puberty increased significantly at 15~34 years old. The incidence of male was more than female. Symptoms of mediastinal lymphoma? Let's talk about it

Symptoms of mediastinal lymphoma

Most of the earliest manifestations are painless progressive swelling of superficial lymph nodes, often lack of systemic symptoms and slow progress. About 60% of the primary lymph nodes were located in cervical lymph nodes, and the primary lymph nodes in supraclavicle, viscera and inguinal lymph nodes were rare. At the beginning, the lymph nodes were soft, non adhesion and no tenderness. In the later stage, it increased rapidly and could be adhered into a huge mass. It is characterized by no inflammation in adjacent tissues, which can not be used to explain the cause of lymphadenopathy.

Enlarged lymph nodes can cause local compression symptoms, such as mediastinal lymph nodes swelling compression tracheobronchial, causing dry cough. Abdominal pain without cause can be caused by enlargement of retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Systemic symptoms can have low fever, or characteristic regression fever type, that is, after a few days of high fever, there can be a few days or weeks of no fever period. Loss of appetite, nausea, night sweats and weight loss are common symptoms, which often do not appear when the focus is limited. Pruritus is a common symptom in adults, which is rare in children, and even does not appear when the whole body is invaded by extensive organs.

About 1 / 4 of the children had metastasized to tissues other than lymph nodes at the time of diagnosis, mostly in spleen, liver, lung, bone and bone marrow. The X-ray changes of lung infiltration are mostly villous exudative changes, which are not easy to distinguish from fungal infection. Most of them have accelerated breathing and fever, and even respiratory failure. Liver involvement, intrahepatic bile duct obstruction symptoms, moderate liver swelling, sclera yellow staining, serum direct and indirect bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase increased. Neutrophils, thrombocytopenia and anemia were found in bone marrow infiltration. Mucosal ulcer and gastrointestinal bleeding may occur in patients with digestive tract involvement. Lymphoma occurs in the spinal epidural space and can cause compression symptoms. In addition, there may be various immune disorders, such as immune hemolysis, thrombocytopenia or nephrotic syndrome.

matters needing attention

Surgery is not necessary for the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma, and complete resection is impossible. The main task is to provide sufficient diagnostic tissue samples to help pathological staging, through imaging examination, to take appropriate surgical methods for the masses with clear lesion scope, and to obtain sufficient materials for better diagnosis.