Why does emphysema cause heart disease?

summary

Emphysema is a pathological state in which the distal air cavity of the terminal bronchioles, such as respiratory bronchioles, alveolar tubes, alveolar sacs and alveoli, is enlarged, and the air cavity wall is destructively changed. The elasticity of the distal lung tissue of the terminal bronchioles is decreased, the volume is increased, and the air content is increased. The incidence rate, morbidity and mortality of emphysema are high, which can lead to severe prognosis such as pulmonary insufficiency, chronic respiratory failure and cardiac dysfunction, which seriously affect the work ability and quality of life of patients. Let's take a look at the causes of emphysema.

Why does emphysema cause heart disease?

First, emphysema is generally considered to be the pathophysiological basis of the formation of a variety of factors. The specific reasons are long-term respiratory tract infection, smoking, air pollution, long-term inhalation of occupational dust and harmful gases, allergy, etc., which can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema.

Second, chronic lung inflammation increases the proteolytic enzymes released by neutrophils and macrophages, damages lung tissue and alveolar wall, and causes multiple alveoli to fuse to form pulmonary bullae or emphysema. The capillary of alveolus wall is pressed, blood supply is reduced, lung tissue is malnourished, also can cause alveolus wall elasticity to drop, cause slow cilia to reduce

Third: the long-term chronic inflammation of the bronchus leads to the narrowing of the bronchus lumen, which leads to incomplete obstruction of the bronchus, especially the terminal bronchioles. When inhaled, the gas is easy to enter the alveoli. When exhaled, due to the increased pressure in the pleural cavity, the bronchus lumen is occluded, and the gas in the residual alveoli is increased, resulting in over inflation of the alveoli.

matters needing attention

After emphysema, we need to make a diagnosis, including X-ray examination, ECG examination, respiratory function examination, blood gas analysis, blood and sputum examination: generally, there is no abnormality, and the secondary infection appears to be acute attack of chronic bronchitis.