What are the manifestations of Hunt syndrome?

summary

Hunt syndrome, or herpes zoster, is a disease caused by varicella zoster virus infection. A group of special symptoms caused by facial nerve geniculate ganglion herpesvirus infection, mainly manifested as one side ear pain, ear herpes, can appear ipsilateral peripheral facial paralysis, accompanied by hearing and balance disorders, it is also known as geniculate ganglion syndrome.

What are the manifestations of Hunt syndrome?

It is caused by varicella zoster virus infection. Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) infection can also be accompanied. It is mainly caused by cold, fatigue and decreased body resistance. General discomfort, low fever, headache, loss of appetite, etc.

First of all, severe pain, burning like pain, such as trigeminal neuralgia, occurred in the auricle, ear canal and behind the ear, but there was no trigger point. It can radiate to pharynx and face. Neuralgia can last for months or even years. Herpes appeared in the auricle (especially in the concha cavity), the mouth of the ear canal, the ear canal and the skin behind the ear, and then local skin congestion, swelling, erosion and blisters. Most herpes occurs before facial paralysis. The pustules scab and fall off in 2-3 weeks. The location of herpes is related to the distribution of afferent nerve fibers. It can be found along the auricle and auditory canal, in the area of V, IX, X cranial nerve, or in the branch of cervical nerve. Therefore, herpes can be found in oral cavity, buccal mucosa, soft palate, tonsil, tongue base, throat and neck. And accompanied by pain in these parts.

The patients with cranial nerve symptoms were more than those with Bell palsy. Accompanied by the V, VI, IX, x, Xi, XII cranial nerve symptoms. If the ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve is involved (accounting for 10% - 15% of the patients), there will be retinitis, keratoconjunctivitis, optic neuritis and glaucoma. Hypoesthesia or loss of surface and deep sensation. In addition to facial paralysis, facial nerve involvement can also cause the reduction of tears, salivation, loss of taste, nasal obstruction and other symptoms. The X cranial nerve was involved, and hoarseness and soft palate paralysis occurred.

matters needing attention

When the patient's organism immunity is low, he has a history of upper respiratory tract infection 1-2 weeks before the onset of the disease, and has severe ear pain and ear and ear herpes, he should be highly alert to the occurrence of facial nerve paralysis. If ipsilateral facial paralysis occurs and gradually worsens within 2-3 weeks, accompanied by hearing loss and vertigo or imbalance, the diagnosis of herpes zoster can be established.