What is optic chiasmatic disease?

summary

The most common cause of chiasmatic damage is pituitary adenoma, in addition to craniopharyngioma. Suprasellar meningiomas and basilar ring aneurysms are also common. The visual field changes often occur due to the different parts of the injury. What is optic chiasmatic disease? Next, I'd like to share my views with you.

What is optic chiasmatic disease?

The optic chiasmatic lesions were bilateral temporal hemianopia. However, chiasmatic lesions are not typical bilateral temporal hemianopia at the beginning, and the visual field changes begin with incomplete quadrant defect. Pituitary tumors located below the optic chiasma first oppressed the infranasal fibers of the optic chiasma, resulting in visual field defects in the superior temporal quadrant, and then in the inferior temporal, inferior nasal and superior nasal quadrants.

The vast majority of patients with pituitary tumors are first diagnosed in ophthalmology because of vision loss. Ophthalmologists play an important role in the early diagnosis of pituitary tumors. For tumors above the optic chiasm, such as tuberculus sellae meningioma, craniopharyngioma, third ventricle tumor, the order of visual field damage is different due to the pressure of the optic chiasm from top to bottom. Therefore, careful analysis of the visual field in the early stage of the disease is helpful to distinguish between suprasellar and infrasellar lesions.

Pituitary tumors not only cause chiasmatic syndrome (visual impairment, visual field defect and primary optic atrophy), but also have endocrine disorders such as obesity, sexual dysfunction, male infertility, impotence and female menstruation disorder. The optic chiasmatic lesions caused by the tumors of the third ventricle are often accompanied by headache, vomiting, optic disc edema and other manifestations of increased intracranial pressure. In addition to intracranial hypertension and intracranial hemorrhage, X-ray examination of craniopharyngioma also showed calcification.

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Honey is a kind of hypertonic food, which can change the osmotic pressure of blood and aqueous humor, so as to reduce the intraocular pressure.