Principles of diet therapy for dialysis patients

summary

With the progress of blood purification treatment, the dietary restrictions of dialysis patients are gradually relaxed. Some people even think that the dietary restrictions of dialysis patients can be completely relaxed. But now dialysis treatment can not replace 100% of the renal function of healthy people. Take the creatinine clearance rate as an example, the dialyzer with the highest efficiency can not achieve the normal renal function. Therefore, at present, it is absolutely necessary to restrict and guide the diet of the patients. Let's take a look at the principles of diet therapy for dialysis patients

Principles of diet therapy for dialysis patients

Adequate protein and calorie intake: protein intake was 1.2-1.4 g / (kg · d). This refers to the protein intake of dialysis patients, 50% of which should be high-quality protein, and optional foods such as eggs, milk, lean meat, fish, etc. Pay attention not to use bean products, hard fruit food. Other edible carbohydrates and some staple foods. Over standard protein can not be ingested, which may cause long-term complications. The daily heat supply was 125-146kj / kg (30-35cal / kg).

Supplement all kinds of necessary vitamins: in the process of dialysis, water-soluble vitamins are lost more and must be supplemented. Especially for vitamin B group, the main reasons for vitamin deficiency are insufficient intake, poor absorption, excessive consumption or loss.

Limit potassium intake: potassium intake may depend on the patient's condition. The average daily intake is 2-2.5g. Should be careful with potassium containing food, such as mushrooms, seaweed, beans, lotus seeds, cabbage, mustard, bananas, oranges, peanuts, scallops, celery, pumpkin, high-quality protein and animal organs, do not overeat, to prevent the occurrence of hyperkalemia. The harm of high potassium is very serious, which can endanger the life of patients.

matters needing attention

In hemodialysis patients, some protein will be lost with dialysate, so the intake of high quality protein should be increased. Such as egg white, milk, lean meat, fish, beef, etc. In order to ensure the effective function of protein, we should take enough calories every day. Increase your calcium intake. Hemodialysis patients also need to supplement calcium, the daily requirement of 1000 mg ~ 1500 mg, so it is necessary to supplement calcium and 1,25-dihydroxycalciferol.