What is the medicine that the hospital discharges lead to use?

summary

When lead and its compounds enter the body, they can do harm to nervous system, hematopoiesis system, digestive system, kidney system, cardiovascular system and endocrine system. In order to prevent lead absorption and lead damage, lead expelling drugs are naturally extracted or synthesized. They can interact with lead in the body, so as to reduce the storage time of lead in the human body and reduce the toxicity of lead and its harm to the human body as much as possible. According to the composition and mechanism of lead excretion, there are several kinds of lead excretion drugs

What is the medicine that the hospital discharges lead to use?

Treatment 1: carboxyl (- COOH) chelates with free lead to promote the elimination of lead in blood by kidney. Because EDTA drugs are not specific to lead, chelating lead also chelates essential trace elements in the body, which is easy to cause imbalance of trace elements in the body in the process of treatment. The main representative is: calcium disodium edetate (CaNa2EDTA) this product must be given outside the intestine, and the renal function must be normal. Intravenous administration: the dosage was 1g / m2 per day, which was prepared with dextran or normal saline to 0.5% concentration and then drip. The typical treatment is three hours twice a week. 3-5 days can also be used as a course of treatment. If the blood lead level rises to above 450ug / L again within 7-14 days after the end of the treatment, the next treatment can be carried out.

Treatment 2: active sulfhydryl (- SH) is used to capture the lead combined with tissue, promote the dissociation of lead from tissue and eliminate it. The main representative is dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). This product was approved by FDA in 1991 as an oral lead expelling drug for the treatment of lead poisoning in children. This drug can synthesize water-soluble complex with lead and excrete it from kidney. It has a strong ability to remove lead from tissues and has a good effect on improving biochemical changes caused by lead toxicity. Oral administration: 10-30mg / kg TID for the first 5 days. From the 6th day, the dose was adjusted to 10mg / kg, bid. 14-19 days is a course of treatment. Multiple courses of treatment can be carried out, but the two courses should be separated by at least 2 weeks.

Treatment 3: follow up should be carried out after drug treatment. After the treatment, the patients should be followed up every week for 4-6 weeks, and then every month for 12 months. After the treatment of dimercaptosuccinic acid, the patients can be followed up every other week for 3-4 times, and then once a month for 4-6 times. The follow-up included blood lead determination, symptoms and signs related to lead poisoning, and improvement of environmental conditions.

matters needing attention

The following points should be paid attention to when using drug to drive lead: (1) the premise of reducing lead load is that the lead in the environment has been properly disposed（ 2) It is necessary to make sure that the child has been separated from the lead source during the treatment of removing lead. Sometimes, the absorption of lead will be increased if the treatment of removing lead is not separated from the source of lead exposure（ 3) Some studies suggest that a single lead expelling treatment can only remove about 2% of the total body lead load, and how much lead can be removed from brain tissue by lead expelling treatment is still unclear（ 4) The lead accumulated in bone tissue and organs can re-enter the blood under certain conditions, and lead toxic damage appears again.