Are there any symptoms of HTLV infection?

summary

Human T cell tropic virus (HTLV) is the first human retrovirus discovered in the late 1970s. It can be divided into type I (HTLV - Ⅰ) and type II (HTLV - Ⅱ). It is the pathogen of adult T cell leukemia and lymphoma respectively. It belongs to RNA oncovirus subfamily of Retroviridae. HTLV - Ⅰ can be transmitted through blood transfusion, injection or sexual contact, or through placenta, birth canal or lactation. Are there any symptoms of HTLV infection? Let's talk about it.

Are there any symptoms of HTLV infection?

Under electron microscope, HTLV was spherical, with a diameter of about 100 nm. The center of HTLV was RNA and reverse transcriptase of virus. The outermost layer was the envelope of virus. Gp120 was embedded on the surface of HTLV, which could bind with CD4 and mediate virus infection. The capsid of the virus contained two structural proteins, P18 and p24.

From 5 'to 3' ends of the virus genome, there are three structural genes gag, pol and env, and two regulatory genes tax and Rex, both ends of which are LTR. The functions of gag and other structural genes are similar to those of HIV; Tax gene can encode a trans activator, on the one hand, it can activate LTR and promote the transcription of virus gene, on the other hand, it can activate the gene of IL-2 and its receptor in host cells and play a role in promoting cell growth;

Rex gene can express two kinds of proteins that can regulate viral structural genes. The comparison between the two types of regulatory genes and HIV regulatory genes is shown in table 33-3. The genomic homology of the two types of HTLV was 50%.

matters needing attention

Adult T-lymphocytic leukemia is mainly treated with chemotherapy, but its resistance to HTLV - Ⅰ is poor; AZT and other reverse transcriptase inhibitors can effectively antagonize HTLV - Ⅰ in cell culture. Measures to prevent HTLV infection include: 1; As for the prevention of HIV infection, we should strengthen the publicity of health knowledge, avoid contact with the patient's body fluids, especially blood or semen, and test the HTLV antibody of blood donors to ensure the safety of blood source. In the United States, HTLV - Ⅰ and HTLV - Ⅱ of blood bank have been determined since 1988; Strengthen the monitoring of HTLV infection, timely understand the epidemic situation and take countermeasures; Strict frontier quarantine shall be carried out to prevent import.