Three nursing care of complications of liver ascites

summary

Ascites, as a common complication of liver cirrhosis, brings great inconvenience to the treatment of liver cirrhosis and the life of patients. Because in the treatment of cirrhosis at the same time, but also the treatment of liver ascites, so it is difficult to avoid some big. At present, the best way is not to treat ascites, but to control the development of the disease. If the control is not good, it will lead to complications of liver ascites, then, how to care for complications of liver ascites?

Three nursing care of complications of liver ascites

First, upper gastrointestinal bleeding nursing. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the important causes of death in cirrhotic patients with ascites. During the period of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, patients are absolutely bedridden, head to one side, keep the respiratory tract unblocked, clear the blood in the mouth, and prevent oral infection. Do a good job in skin care, keep the skin clean and dry, and change the lying position frequently. The family members should turn over the patient on time, no more than 4 hours at most. For those with incontinence, they should pay attention to keep the skin and bed dry, massage the bone protruding parts, promote the local blood circulation, and prevent the occurrence of bedsore. In case of hematemesis or melena, you should fast for 24-72 hours. When the condition is stable, the bleeding stops, and there is no hematemesis symptom, you can give warm and cool liquid diet, and gradually change to low salt high-quality protein digestible semi liquid diet. It's easy to eat a small amount of food, but not too full. 　　

Second, nursing of hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatic encephalopathy is the most serious complication of ascites due to cirrhosis, with a high mortality. Family members should guard against falling out of bed, turn over and pat on the back regularly, ban protein diet, assist nursing staff to keep patients with hepatic encephalopathy defecate unobstructed, and do a good job of retention enema every night. If 1% rice vinegar enema is used, oral lactulose, nasal feeding or enema can also be used to reduce intestinal pH value, prevent ammonia generation and reduce intestinal ammonia absorption; When defecation is difficult, you should take a finger to dig out the stool to prevent gastrointestinal bleeding. 　　

Third, water electrolyte disorder nursing. The use of diuretics is an important link in the treatment of ascites due to liver cirrhosis, but the application of excessive diuretics is the main cause of water electrolyte disorder. Pay attention to the patient's urine volume and diet. In case of electrolyte disorder, timely rehydration should be carried out according to the doctor's advice. The blood of the patient should be taken for examination at any time to understand the improvement of electrolyte. In the process of medication, attention should be paid to the input of sodium bicarbonate and potassium chloride When necessary, hemodialysis should be considered to improve the disorder of water and electrolyte.

matters needing attention

Patients with liver cirrhosis are often accompanied by esophageal and gastric varices, such as eating rough and hard food, it is easy to scratch or puncture varicose veins and rupture, bleeding phenomenon, induce gastrointestinal bleeding, so liver ascites diet need to fast peanut, melon seeds and other hard food, as well as with bone and celery, cabbage, soybean sprouts and other food containing coarse fiber.