Symptoms of occipital lobe brain tumors

summary

The occipital lobe is smaller, and the tumors in the occipital lobe are less. Occipital tumors often involve both parietal and posterior temporal lobes. The most common tumors were gliomas, accounting for 1.46% of intracranial gliomas; Meningiomas accounted for 0.74% of intracranial meningiomas; Other tumors are more rare. In terms of physiological function, occipital lobe is the most advanced visual analyzer, the so-called "visual center". The symptom of occipital lobe brain tumor tells everybody.

Symptoms of occipital lobe brain tumors

1. According to the location of tumor growth and the degree of invasion, most patients had only the defect of contralateral visual field, amblyopia or loss of color vision in the early stage.

2. When the tumor invaded the superior cuneiform lobe of the occipital talus fissure, there was no complete hemianopia, only the contralateral lower quarter quadrant hemianopia; When the lingual gyrus below the talus fissure was damaged, only one fourth of the contralateral upper quadrant hemianopia appeared. This is because the central visual field is dominated by the bilateral occipital lobes, and the macular fibers project to the bilateral occipital lobes. Therefore, when unilateral occipital lobe lesions, the central visual field often stays, which is the so-called macular avoidance phenomenon. Even if bilateral occipital lobes were damaged, total blindness rarely occurred, and the central visual field should be preserved. Acute damage to one side of occipital lobe can cause transient total blindness. After a few hours, the vision of the healthy side will recover, leaving the ipsilateral hemianopia. In clinical practice, we can occasionally see that the fibers in bilateral occipital lobe and thalamus are damaged and completely blind, but the patient does not feel blind, which is called Anton syndrome.

3. Visual seizure is a common symptom of occipital lobe tumors. Central hemianopia (macular avoidance), cortical blindness and visual agnosia occur in destructive lesions. In 1954, Penfield first described the occurrence of visual seizures in the contralateral field of the lesion. About 15-24% of occipital lobe tumors had illusions. The characteristics of hallucinations are mostly amorphous hallucinations, such as flash, bright spot, circle, line, color, etc., which often appear in the field of vision on the opposite side of the lesion and float. Hallucination can occur alone, but also can be a precursor of seizures. When epilepsy occurs in occipital lobe lesions, the head and eyes often turn to the opposite side, which is caused by stimulating the "gaze center" of occipital lobe.

matters needing attention

Symptomatic treatment mainly aims at the increase of intracranial pressure, such as the application of dehydration drugs to reduce intracranial pressure; Antiepileptic drugs were applied to the patients with epilepsy. Because the tumor is located in the critical position, it can not be removed by surgery, and the effect of drug treatment is not good, palliative surgery such as cerebrospinal fluid shunt, subtemporal decompression, suboccipital decompression or decompressive craniectomy can be performed.